Behind The Fin: Barbara Luneau

• Name: Barbara Luneau
• Conservation Chair for St Vrain Anglers Chapter
• TU Member for 8 years
• Works as a Petroleum Geologist
• Best Quote from Barbara: “Some of my favorite stories don't involve trout, the story that stands out in my mind right now is the 9lb bonefish that I landed this past spring in South Andros Island, Bahamas. A clean, long distance cast onto a white sand flat in front of an easily spooked dark shadow that jumped on the fly and immediately took the line into the backing...magic when it all comes together.”

How long have you been a TU member?

I've been a TU member for about 10 years and I've been an active member of our chapter's board for the past 8 years.

Why did you become a member and what chapter are you involved with?

When I started to get serious about fly fishing, I purchased a Winston rod that included a certificate for a complimentary 1-year membership. I sent in the form and started attending chapter meetings and volunteer events. My chapter is St. Vrain Anglers, representing communities within the St. Vrain Creek drainage, Longmont, Lyons, Riverside, Raymond, Erie, Frederick, Dacono, Berthoud.

What made you want to become more involved with TU?

I became involved with TU at a time when I was looking to become more engaged in my community.

What is your favorite activity or project that you have done with TU?

My favorite part of our chapter's activities is helping kids learn to tie flies in our Kids Learn to Fly Fish program.

What is a favorite fishing spot and favorite fishing story?

My favorite spot changes with the season; it is the location where it all comes together:  perfect flow, perfect temperature, lots of bugs, feeding fish, and the perfect drift.  Some of my favorite stories don't involve trout, the story that stands out in my mind right now is the 9lb bonefish that I landed this past spring in South Andros Island, Bahamas. A clean, long distance cast onto a white sand flat in front of an easily spooked dark shadow that jumped on the fly and immediately took the line into the backing...magic when it all comes together.

To you, what is the best tactic or fly for catching trout? 

The best tactic is the one that works on any given day. Most often that's a reach or J-cast using my husband's APD (All Purpose Dry) design, a CDC dry fly that imitates midges, baetis, or even small caddis.

Beyond being an awesome angler, what else do you do in your spare time or for work?

If we're not out fishing on a weekend, we're cooking and entertaining friends and family. For the past 30 years, I've worked in the energy industry as petroleum geologist.

Colorado Introduces It's First Ever Water Plan

In 139 years of Colorado being a state, it had never had a water plan- until today. On Thursday, November 19 the Colorado Water Conservation Board unveiled the State's first ever water plan. The plan will help keep rivers and streams healthy that will continue to support Colorado's economy and quality of life.

“We’re pleased that the Colorado Water Plan recognizes that healthy rivers are central to Colorado’s quality of life and help drive our booming, $13 billion recreation economy,” said David Nickum, executive director of Colorado Trout Unlimited. “If we want a future of Gold Medal trout rivers and outdoor opportunities, we need to plan for that future—and this plan is a step in the right direction.”

Colorado Trout Unlimited supports three main components of the plan. The first being that irrigation throughout the state needs to be modernized, communities need to create stream management plans, and lastly, the plan establishes the base work for evaluation trans-mountain water diversion.

Primarily on the Western Slope, TU is working with farmers and ranchers on modernizing their irrigation techniques. The new water plan and Colorado General Assembly help fund the transition and provide incentives and support to farmers and ranchers changing their techniques.

The community Stream Management Plans will help local communities better understand the importance of flows that support a healthy river as well as recreational and other usage.

“Steam management plans bring local water users together to determine how best to use limited water resources,” Said Drew Peternell, director of TU’s Colorado Water Project. “They are an exercise in collaboration.”

TU has opposed trans-mountain water diversions unless there is a large focus on conservation, shows that water is available for the project, and guarantees against environmental or economic harm to the basin of origin.

The Colorado Water Plan is just a beginning. The true test will be the implementation of the proposed ideas.

“The Final Water Plan is a beginning not an end,” said Nickum. “The key to Colorado’s water future will be actual on-the-ground collaboration to meet our water needs while protecting our state’s rivers and agricultural heritage.”

Fishing Doesn't Hibernate in Winter

Winter in Colorado generally means ski gear is taking up most of the space in your car. But be sure to leave a little room for your waders and rod. Although the weather is colder, fly fishing remains hot. Fishing during the colder months is possibly the most rewarding time of year to fish. Not only does catching a fish justify the hours spent in the cold and wind, and give you a reason to spend more time in some of the best fisheries in the country, but winter trout require much more precise technique and skill than any other time of year.

When the air temperature drops, the water temperature drops with it. Like most fish, trout cannot regulate their body temperature and therefore operate at the same temperature as the water around them. When fish get too cold, they become sluggish and dormant.

Trout prefer temperature between the ranges of 45-65 degrees Fahrenheit- also known as the Trout Zone. This is no problem for summer days in Colorado when the water remains in this range, but during the winter, the temperature can drop below freezing. In order to survive, trout will find holes or eddies where the water may be warmer and stay low in the water.

In order to catch the fish in these spots it's best to use a nymph. Fish won't move more than a few inches to catch food. When their body is cold and metabolism is low, it's not worth the risk to waste energy by moving for a small reward that a bug might offer. Therefore, drop nymphs to the bottom of the stream where they can see it and move slightly to eat it.

When fishing in these winter streams, remember that trout are still alert and they know what it is worth wasting energy for and what is not. Every single move they make and bite they take is a gamble. If they strike and miss, that's a lot of energy wasted for no reward.

Winter streams are generally lower and clearer. Trout will be able to see your tippet if it's too big. Try to use one tippet smaller than what you'd normally use on that body of water. If you use a 5x tippet in spring and summer, drop to a 6X tippet in the winter months. This will not only help that the trout won't see the line, but that the nymph is presented more realistically.

For the same reason that the tippet should be shortened, it's also important to stay low. Because the water is clearer and lower, it gives the fish a better chance at seeing you.

While nymphing is the best tactic for winter trout, don't put all of your dry flies away quite yet. Keep a view on your vest because in deeper pools trout may still rise. This generally occurs in tailwaters (rivers that flow from bottom-released dams). In these tailwaters, the water is moving out of the dam fast enough that the water temperature generally remains in the Trout Zone year round.

During the winter trout will also eat minnows and crayfish, but remember they won't move too far for them to conserve energy. Fishing streamers is a good tactic but just like everything else, they need to be presented next to the trout ensuring they don't need to move as much.

Remember to keep fish in the water as long as possible, especially in the winter as the outside temperature can harm and possibly kill them. Use the fundamentals of proper handling when fishing.

So don't take that fly rod out of your car just yet- or ever. Because fly fishing never hibernates. And when you're stuck in ski traffic, there's no better way than to wait it out by wading out.

BLM Issues New EIS for Roan Plateau

Sportsmen welcome Roan Plateau progress Praise BLM draft plan as ‘important next step’ in efforts to conserve prized backcountry fishing and hunting lands

The Bureau of Land Management released its new draft Environmental Impact Statement for the Roan Plateau, a backcountry area prized by hunters and anglers for its fish and wildlife and a cornerstone of the area’s recreation economy.

Sportsmen’s groups are reviewing the draft EIS, but they welcomed the BLM’s designation of last year’s settlement as its preferred option in efforts to balance energy development with conservation.

“This keeps us moving toward a balanced, fair solution to protecting the Roan Plateau,” said David Nickum, executive director of Colorado Trout Unlimited. “We’re hopeful that the final management plan will preserve last year’s settlement, which protects the Roan’s best hunting and fishing habitat while allowing careful, responsible development of its energy reserves. Done right, we can meet both goals.”

TAKE ACTION: click to sign our petition to BLM supporting the Roan Plateau settlement.

In 2012, a federal court set aside the BLM’s prior management plan for energy leasing and remanded that plan for the agency to consider more protective development options. Last fall, a settlement was reached between BLM and Trout Unlimited, the National Wildlife Federation and other groups, represented by Earthjustice.

Under the settlement, BLM cancelled the majority of oil and gas leases on top of the Roan Plateau, including all of those in the Trapper and Northwater Creek watersheds—areas that encompass the best cutthroat trout habitat on the Roan. The BLM committed to considering a new management plan alternative that would allow for some limited development on remaining leases, preclude new leasing on top of the plateau for the life of the plan, and conserve important big game habitat at the base of the Roan.

“Hunters don’t call the Roan Plateau a ‘mule deer factory’ for nothing,” said John Gale, conservation director of Backcountry Hunters and Anglers. “The hunting opportunities here are world class, and hunters in Colorado drive a nearly $1 million economic engine that generates sustainable revenue for local communities. BHA remains committed to the Roan Plateau and looks forward to working with the BLM to promote balanced development that prioritizes consideration of wildlife, hunting and fishing.”

For more than a decade, Colorado TU’s Grand Valley Anglers chapter, based in Grand Junction, has invested thousands of dollars and hundreds of volunteer hours into fish habitat and stream restoration projects on the Roan. The Roan holds in its small streams rare populations of genetically pure Colorado River cutthroat trout—a native species found in less than 10 percent of its historic range.

“Grand Valley Anglers is glad to know that progress is being made towards protecting the native Colorado River cutthroat trout on the Plateau,” said John Trammell, a Grand Valley Anglers volunteer who has worked on the Roan for over 20 years.  “We want to emphasize that drilling should be excluded from the drainages that hold native cutthroat trout, as agreed under the settlement.”

“Sportsmen and wildlife groups will continue to work with BLM and other parties in coming months to ensure that the balanced future for the Roan Plateau that is envisioned in these settlement provisions are adopted by the BLM in the final Resource Management Plan,” said Suzanne O’Neill, executive director of Colorado Wildlife Federation.

Hardrock Mining Bill Looks to Fund River Cleanup Costs

A bill introduced by Colorado and New Mexico legislators was introduced to Congress last week that would require a collection of royalties from companies mining on federal lands to provide funds for cleaning up abandoned mines. Senators Tom Udall, D-NM, Martin Heinrich, D-NM, and Michael Bennet, D-Colo unveiled the Hardrock Mining and Reclamation Act of 2015 that would reform the 1872 Mining Law.

The Hardrock Mining and Reclamation Act of 2015 would require companies mining on federal land to pay royalties that go towards the cleanup and restoration of spills and abandoned mines. Currently, the 143 year old Mining Law does not require companies to pay royalties of any kind to fund the clean up of past and present mining projects. This is unlike the oil, coal, and gas industries which have been required to pay cleanup and restoration royalties for decades.

“It just makes sense to create the same kind of clean-up fund for hardrock mines,” said Brad Powell, director of Trout Unlimited’s Sportsmen’s Conservation Project for the Southwest region. “Mining companies that benefit from development on public lands should play a key role in the cleanup and not leave the bill for taxpayers.”

The bill was introduced exactly three months after the Gold King Mine spill that dumped 3 million gallons of toxic sludge into the Animas River near Durango. Fortunately there was no massive fish kill from the spill and the Animas is recovering nicely.

But the Gold King Mine is the tip of a very grim iceberg. Throughout the entire American West- from Colorado to Montana to California- abandoned mines pose an imminent threat to water quality and fisheries. According to the Environmental Protection Agency, 40 percent of headwaters in the West are affected by abandoned hard rock mines.

Although the Animas was the most notable spill, the same tragedies are happening throughout the west. The Uncompahgre River near Ouray is lifeless until the metals fall into the depths of Ridgeway Reservoir. The upper Animas River suffers mine waste that steadily drains into the river at a volume equal that of the Gold King Mine spill once a week.

Senator Cory Gardner and Representative Scott Tipton are also working to introduce legislation for "Good Samaritans" like TU that would provide legal protection to those parties that voluntarily clean up abandoned mine sites and spills.

Behind the Fin: Allen Adinoff

• Name: Allen Adinoff
• Chapter President for Cutthroat Chapter
• TU Member for 10 years
• Semi-retired allergy and asthma doctor
• Best Quote from Allen: “We put in below the dam, and our oarsman told me we’d half to catch a fish before crossing under the cable.  As I was telling him he was full of bull... boom there she was!

- How long have you been a TU member? I've been a member for 10 years, give or take.

- What made you want to be President of the Cutthroat chapter? I thought the opportunity of Chapter president would give me a chance to further the TU mission, and become further involved with our members and Board. There was an opening, as our current President Cam Chandler was moving up to Vice-president of CTU. 

- What are some of your plans and goals for the Cutthroat Chapter?

We want to find ways to engage more members in becoming interested in the Chapter and it’s mission.  We have 1500 members, but the same 50 or so are the ones who consistently show up at the meetings and participate in the conservation projects. We have plans to initiate a “local fishing trip” program that would involve trips within an hour or less of south metro Denver. The goal would be to interest less experienced fishers to be “mentored” by the more knowledgeable. Hopefully this will interest newer, younger members to be more involved with the Chapter in general. We also want to expand our fundraising efforts, finding novel ways of bringing dollars into the Chapter. Two new programs initiated this year have been King Soopers gift cards and Amazon Smile.

- What is a favorite fishing spot and favorite fishing story? I love the Deckers area. The river canyon is gorgeous. It has really come back since the Hayman fire and is “home waters” for the Cutthroat Chapter. My favorite story is from fishing the Bighorn. We put in below the dam, and our oarsman told me we’d half to catch a fish before crossing under the cable.  As I was telling him he was full of bull... boom there she was!

- To you, what is the best tactic or fly for catching trout? Totally focusing on what you’re doing.  When you’re “in the zone”, good things will happen. - Beyond being an awesome angler, what else do you do in your spare time or for work? I’m semi-retired, still working a couple of days per week as an allergy and asthma doctor in a practice I’ve been devoted to for over 25 years. I love to hunt elk, deer, and pheasant. I also play drums with a weekly jazz group, cycle regularly, and still cut my lawn and own several chainsaws to keep in shape.

El Niño looks to revive the Colorado River Basin

Severe drought conditions have left the west starving for water. Reservoirs are dwindling down and the Colorado River is drying up before it can reach the Pacific Ocean. The area has tried to limit their water usage despite increased populations, but mother nature hasn't been too cooperative. Until she sent El Niño.

El Niño is classified by warmer than average surface waters in the Pacific ocean that cause warmer and drier than average temperatures over the western and northern United States with cooler and wetter than average conditions in the Southwest.

Currently, the warmer than average equatorial surface waters in the Pacific are moving further north, resulting in the strongest El Niño ever, surpassing the event in 1997 that dropped record amounts of snow in California and the Southwest.

This is great news for those along the Colorado River basin that are depending on a wet winter to bring life back to their crops, reduce drought conditions, and replenish their reservoirs.

The Colorado River basin receives the bulk of it's moisture in the form of summer monsoons and winter storms. These winter frontal systems, which are increased through El Niño, are what meteorologists are hoping will bring relief to the Colorado River basin.

"Winter and spring frontal systems originating in the North Pacific Ocean, provide the largest and most important source of moisture. These large-scale systems tend to carry moisture at higher levels in the atmosphere, with orographic effects of the mountainous West causing an increase in precipitation with elevation," according to the U.S. Geological Survey. "Cold frontal systems produce substantial amounts of snow above about 5,000 feet and rainfall at lower elevations in the Rocky, Uinta, and Wind River Mountains, which constitute the headwaters of the Colorado River and its principal tributary,the Green River. These storms build snowpacks that melt in the late spring, providing runoff to the Colorado River."

The increase in runoff will hopefully increase the flows of the Colorado, which are currently at some of the lowest recorded. But, unfortunately, with such dry surface conditions from consecutive drought years, the likelihood of flooding during the runoff is increased.

It's tough to predict the actual effects El Niño will bring, however meteoroligists are relying on previous El Niño events that have brought plenty of moisture to the Southwest, including the Colorado River basin.

What will occur throughout the state of Colorado remains to be seen with the unpredictable weather pattern.

Meteorologists are expecting Colorado's winter numbers to look close to average. However, according to the National Center for Atmospheric Research, 20-inch snowstorms are almost seven times as likely to occur during El Niño years. These snowstorms tend to happen in spring and fall while the mid-winter months drier than normal

Because Colorado is between the polar jet stream, causing warmer temperatures up north, and the subtropical jet stream, causing cooler temperatures in the south, it's tough to determine if Colorado will see any major changes.

According to UCAR (University Corporation for Atmospheric Research), the chances of having a wetter than average winter is roughly the same as having a dryer than average winter. "A single big storm surrounded by dry spells could leave a two- or three-month period close to or even below average, obscuring the impact of that one big storm."

Ask BLM: support balanced plan for fish, wildlife & energy on the Roan

In November 2014, Secretary of the Interior Jewell, BLM Director Kornze, Governor Hickenlooper, and a group of energy and conservation stakeholders announced a settlement of long-standing litigation over oil and gas development on the Roan Plateau.  The agreement struck a balance between protecting outstanding habitat for big game and native cutthroat trout fisheries, and enabling responsible development of natural gas resources on less sensitive lands.

The agreement was only a first step - now the BLM needs to finish the job and put in place a new final management plan that incorporates the settlement's protections and approach to responsible energy for the Roan . The BLM has issued its new Draft Environmental Impact Statement and is expected to make a final decision on the Roan in the next few months, so speaking out now can make a difference!  Click here to sign our petition to BLM supporting a balanced approach that protects the Roan's unique cutthroat trout and outstanding big game habitat.

Colorado's Gold Medal Waters

Recently on our Facebook page we posted about Colorado's Gold Medal waters. Colorado is home to 322 miles of Gold Medal Fisheries that include 11 different rivers and three lakes. In order to qualify as a Gold Medal water, the area must be able to produce a minimum of 12 "quality trout" (14+ inches) per acre. It also must be able to produce 60 pounds of standing stock (the amount of living organisms in the ecosystem- including fish, plant life and micro invertebrates) per acre, and can only be designated Gold Medal if the water is accessible to the public.

The newest section of the Gold Medal list is 102 miles of the Arkansas River that was designated in 2014. Although the Arkansas is the longest stretch of Gold Medal river, all offer fantastic fishing opportunities. Make sure to check out the local fishing regulations and the locations of some private lands before heading out!

Animas River brown trout post spill

Animas River (4 miles)

Despite the spill back in August, the Animas River near Durango remains a Gold Medal fishery as there was no massive fish kill resulted from the spill and the fishing remains strong. The Gold Medal stretch is between Lightner Creek to Rivera Crossing Bridge and holds plenty of rainbow and brown trout between 14-18".

Arkansas River (102 miles)

In 2014, after 20 years of cleaning up mining pollution in the river, Colorado Parks and Wildlife designated a 102 mile stretch between the Lake Fork Confluence and the U.S. 50 bridge as the newest and largest stretch of Gold Medal waters in Colorado.

Blue River (34 miles)

The Blue River flows north out of Dillon Reservoir and follows Highway 9 until the water meets with the Colorado River in Kremmling. The entire stretch of the Blue River segment is artificial fly and lure only. Various species of trout and Kokanee Salmon call this water home.

labrador brook trout

Colorado River (20 miles)

20 miles of the Colorado River between the US 40 bridge (approx three miles west of Hot Sulphur Springs) to the confluence with the Williams Fork River east of Kremmling is designated as a Gold Medal river. This stretch holds brook, brown and rainbow trout. Regulations vary along this stretch.

Fryingpan river (14 miles)

Below the Ruedi Dam downstream to the confluence with the Roaring Fork River, about 14 miles of the Fryingpan has achieved Gold Medal status. The section of the river is catch and release only and contains brown and rainbow trout.

Roaring Fork River (22 miles)

Where the Fryingpan meets the Roaring Fork, the water remains a Gold Medal section until it meets the Colorado River in Glenwood Springs. Mountain whitefish, brown and rainbow trout are in this stretch.

Gore Creek (4 miles)

One of the smallest sections of Gold Medal waters in Colorado is Gore Creek. The section is about 4 miles between the confluence with Red Sandstone Creek downstream to the confluence with the Eagle River. Primarily brown trout are caught in this water.

Black Canyon of the Gunnison

Gunnison River (27 miles)

Rainbow and trophy brown trout can be found in the Gold Medal section of the Gunnison River between the Crystal Reservoir dam downstream to the confluence with the Smith Fork. The section of the Gunnison flows through Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Monumnet.

North Platte River (5 miles)

Another small section of Gold Medal waters is the North Platte River. The section flows from the southern boundary of the Routt National Forest downstream to the Wyoming state line. Although the section is smaller in distance, the brook, rainbow and brown trout are anything but small.

Rio Grande River (17 miles)

West of Del Norte, the Rio Grande river holds wuality brown and rainbow trout, making it a Gold Medal waters. The 17 mile stretch flows from the Colo 149 bridge at South Fork downstream to the Rio Grande Canal diversion structure.

Middle Fork South Platte

South Platte River (37 miles, 3 sections)

Two sections of the South Plate River make up Gold Medal streams. The first is about 20 miles from the Colo 9 bridge downstream to Spinney Mountain Reservoir. The second section is below Spinney Mountain to the inlet of Eleven Miles Reservoir, about 4 miles. This section is commonly known as the "Dream Stream." The third section is from the lower boundary of the Wigwam Club downstream to Scraggy View Picnic Ground

Spinney Mountain Reservoir

Spinney Mountain is a 2,500 surface acre lake formed by the South Platte River. The body of water separates two sections of the South Platte Gold Medal waters and is a gold medal section in itself. Trophy rainbow and brown trout as well as northern pike can be caught in this water.

Steamboat Reservoir

"Outstanding water" designation for Bear and Severy Creeks helps protect the threatened greenback cutthroat trout, Colorado's state fish

At 1,053 surface acres, Steamboat Reservoir offers trout of various kinds including the Snake River cutthroat trout. Along with great fishing, the lake offers fantastic views with Hahn's Peak forming part of the scenery.

North Delaney Lake

Near Walden, Colorado, sits North Delaney Lake, another Gold Medal body of water. The lake is 160 surface acres but offers great fishing for rainbow, brown and cutbow trout.

Proper Fish Handling Techniques

That 20" Rainbow you've been going for all day has just been netted. You hand the camera to a buddy, grab the trout out of the net and hold it up at eye level so the world can see the ear-to-ear grin. Upon reviewing the photo, you ask for another one- still holding the fish two feet above the water. The photo is finally good enough for Facebook so you place the fish into the river and let it hang in the water for a second before it regains strength and swims away awkwardly while high-fives are shared. The "Catch and Release" hashtag may tell everyone that the fish is back out there to be caught again, but the grip-n-grin picture shows an entirely different scenario.

That beautiful rainbow may have swam away. It's energy may seem like it was back to normal, but the fish is actually still in distress- and when trout are in distress, the chances of it dying are significantly increased.

The Fight

It all starts when the hook is set and the fight begins. According to Dr. Andy Danylchuk, an associate professor of fish conservation at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, fish release sugar (glucose) into their blood to fuel muscle activity and fight when they are hooked. When the excess glucose levels are released, it causes a build up of lactate in the blood and can have long-lasting affects on muscle function. This is the same issue that occurs in humans when they suffer a cramp during exercise.

It's best practice to not play with the fish to the point of exhaustion. Do everything you can to land the fish as quickly as possible.

Air Exposure and Handling

Once the fish is landed, the stress doesn't end. In fact it could be increased due to prolonged air exposure and poor handling techniques.

Taking the fish out water essentially stops the trout's ability to breathe. Fish breathe air by taking water in through their mouth, over the gills and out through the gill flaps (the operculum). "Taking fish out of the water stops dissolved oxygen from getting into the blood via the gills. No, the gills are not adapted to capture oxygen from air," says Dr. Danylchuck. "We are forcing the fish to hold its breath after running a race."

Even if the fish is out of water for only a few seconds, harm could still be done through improper handling. When handling a fish, always wet your hands prior to any touching. Trout have a protective coating (a slime layer) that protects them from disease. Wet hands reduce the risk of rubbing too much of the slime layer off. Adversely, when touched with dry hands, the coating is likely to rub off the trout's skin onto yours- leaving them exposed to disease.

Reducing exposure and handling time can be aided by using barbless hooks, or simply crimping the barbs on current hooks. If the hook is too deep, "several studies have shown that it is much better to cut the line and leave the hook in place rather than trying to dig the hook out," says Dr. Danylchuck.

Overall, the best practice would be to remove the hook while the fish is in the water.

This isn't to say that taking a fish out of water will definitively kill the fish. There are tricks to minimizing air exposure and handling while still getting photo proof of your catch.

Allow the cameraman "to call the shots and get the angler to keep the fish in the water until the camera is ready," says Dr. Dalynchuck. Holding the fish only a few inches over the water will also help reduce air time. Regardless of the photo, however, the fish should be dripping wet (which makes the shot look even cooler). Underwater cameras make for a nice image as well.

Releasing

When it comes to releasing trout, it's not as simple as getting it back in the water and then it will be fine, (hopefully, it doesn't need to leave the water). Even when the handling time is minimal, fish still need be released properly as well. When fish have experienced considerable physiological stress due to exercise and handling, they can lose their equilibrium, coordinated movements of their fins and roll or nosedive- resulting in death further on downstream.

Good fundamentals in releasing, involve placing the fish in the water with it's head pointing into the current. Remember that the water needs to go through their mouth to exit the gill flap. Anglers should grip the fish lightly and look for coordinated fin movements to show that the fish has their equilibrium and can swim regularly own their own before letting the it go.

"Move a fish in a forward direction when helping it recover, do not move a fish back and forth—recall that water moving backwards over the gills does not help, but in fact, can actually harm the fish," says Dr. Danylchuck. "Let the fish go when its fins are showing coordinated movements, it can keep itself upright and it is actively trying to swim away from you."

Remember that fish belong in the water and as responsible anglers it's up to us to help protect and keep them there. This includes, keeping the fight time minimal, reducing the trout's air exposure, keeping hands wet, and releasing the fish back into the water properly.

For more information on the affects of keeping fish wet, visit KeepEmWet.org or read Dr. Dalynchuck's Fundamentals of Fish report.